Pensions

Young Workers--Hit Hard, Hitting Back

Liz Shuler — Thu, 10 Dec 2009 08:16:52 -0800

As the newly elected secretary-treasurer of the AFL-CIO, I traveled the country this fall, talking with workers and hearing their concerns. The economic crisis is causing a lot of pain. So many people have no jobs, no health care—and many are losing their homes. And as I looked into the faces of young workers, the reality hit home that these young people are part of the first generation in recent history likely to be worse off than their parents.

This is a tragedy.

The AFL-CIO and our community affiliate, Working America, recently surveyed young workers—and I'm not talking about 17- and 18-year-olds. I'm talking about 18- to 34-year-olds. In the past 10 years, young workers have suffered disproportionately from the downturn in the economy:

One in three young workers is worried about being able to find a job—let alone a full-time job with benefits.
Only 31 percent make enough money to cover their bills and put some aside—that is 22 percentage points worse than it was 10 years ago.
Nearly half worry about having more debt than they can handle.
One in three still lives at home with parents.

Young workers are living the effects of a 30-year campaign to create a low-wage workforce. It has succeeded.

For decades, the far right led an anti-government, anti-investment, feed-the-rich-and-starve-the-poor drive that gave us an era of deregulation, privatization and job exporting.

At the same time, corporations and government attacked unions and workers' freedom to form unions and bargain for decent wages and benefits. When unions are strong, paychecks grow and workers have benefits like health care and pensions.

When unions are under attack, paychecks shrink. Pensions vanish. Health care becomes the emergency room.

What's left is not working for young people—or for any of us. It will take a broadly shared sense of wartime urgency to replace today's low-wage economy with a high-wage, high-skills economy. The first step must be immediate action to address the nation's jobs crisis, with five essential steps:

Extend the lifeline for jobless workers.
Rebuild America's schools, roads and energy systems and invest in green technology and green jobs.
Increase aid to state and local governments to maintain vital services.
Fund jobs in our communities.
Put TARP funds to work for Main Street with job-creating loans to small businesses.

We took these initiatives to the White House Summit on Jobs on Dec. 3 and are pushing Congress to take action now. The first reports from the Jobs Summit are encouraging, and we look forward to working with the Obama administration and Congress to carry on this momentum.

It's time to rebuild an economy that works—an economy based on prosperity, an economy we can be proud to pass on to our children and their children. And we need young people to lead the way. That survey I mentioned earlier shows they are ready.

Young workers have a whole new level of civic engagement, with the surge of new voters in the 2008 election.
They are well-informed and following government and policy news.
They believe in collective action and understand the power of having a union.
They have hope for the future and the vision of a savvy, diverse movement to bring about progressive change.

We're planning a major summit for young workers after the first of the year to bring all our ideas and voices together. When crises hit, it's young people who drive change.

Martin Luther King Jr. was 26 when he led the Montgomery bus boycott. At 25, César Chávez was registering Mexican Americans to vote. Walter Reuther headed strikes demanding GM recognize its workers' rights starting when he was 30. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was 33 when she drafted the declaration of women's rights.

Young people are being hard in this jobs crisis. But I believe they provide much of the fuel we need to get out of it.

This is cross-posted from the Huffington Post.

CEOs Get Bailed Out. Workers Get Sold Out

Tula Connell — Fri, 26 Sep 2008 09:11:32 -0700

Before she became the first female Labor secretary in 1933, Frances Perkins had seen firsthand the tragedy of Manhattan’s 1911 Triangle Shirtwaist fire. Locked in by their employer, 146 mostly young girls died when they couldn’t escape the burning building where they toiled in sweatshop labor. Later, as the New York industrial commissioner, Perkins held employers accountable for workplace safety and health, expanding factory investigations and championing other pro-worker laws, like unemployment insurance.

Now, imagine if Elaine Chao had been there instead. Rather than improved job safety legislation, Chao likely would have pushed laws forbidding workers to challenge employers for unsafe working conditions, fair pay or anything that would cost greedy employers a dime.

In fact, Chao, the nation’s current Labor secretary, once again has taken the side of Big Business against working people. As Congress debates whether and to what extent to approve the corporate financial dictatorship proposed by U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson, Chao, on Wednesday, said Congress must pass the bailout “quickly and cleanly.”

Cleanly as in giving Paulson, a political appointee with no accountability, powers so sweeping even the president couldn’t override his decisions.

Quickly, as in making sure the Wall Street CEOs, whose greed outpaced their brains and created the current debacle, get away with golden parachutes and massive bonuses.

(We at the AFL-CIO strongly oppose giving Paulson a blank check on the bailout. More info here and here. You also can tell Congress “No Blank Check for Wall Street” by clicking here.)

Fittingly, Chao was speaking to reporters at an event in posh Fairfield County, Conn., famous for its expensive houses and site of many hedge funds and other financial service companies. She also took the opportunity to dodge a question about whether she favored extending the unemployment insurance time frame, saying Congress already had extended it this year.

(Let’s see…Chao’s Labor Department reported on Wednesday there were 1,772 mass layoffs initiated in August, the most since September 2005, in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. And two weeks ago, Chao’s Labor Department reported unemployment worsened from 5.7 percent to 6.1 percent, a figure that economist Jared Bernstein noted in Sunday’s FDL Book Salon is more like 10.7 percent when underemployment is factored in. But I digress. Why would rising unemployment have anything to do with a need to extend unemployment insurance?)

At the same time that Chao was carrying out her role as a Bush-Paulson puppet, a Senate Judiciary Committee hearing examining pay discrimination heard from Lilly Ledbetter. After years of working at an Alabama Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co. plant, Ledbetter discovered she was being paid less than the lowest-paid man doing the same work.

But although a jury awarded her $3.8 million, Goodyear appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court. The Bush-packed Supreme Court essentially said “tough luck,” and Ledbetter now not only is out tens of thousands of dollars in income, but her Social Security and pension are smaller as well.

As Christy at Firedoglake pointed out a few days ago:

Even worse for all of us, the Ledbetter decision has now been cited in hundreds of cases nationwide to justify disparate treatment based on race, gender, age, disability and other reasons to pay someone less or treat them differently because these cases have been jimmied into an analogous argument to what Lilly faced in her claim. The SCOTUS decision effectively undercut decades of precedent on equality in one, fell swoop in favor of companies who want to justify internal discrimination.

Now, let’s imagine Frances Perkins was our current Labor secretary. It’s a safe bet that rather than backing massive CEO pay bailouts while making the rounds in a wealthy New York bedroom community, Perkins would be in those Senate hearings.

Right next to Lilly Ledbetter.

(This is a cross-post from the Firedoglake blog.)

Working Harder for Less Mocks the American Dream

Tula Connell — Tue, 16 Sep 2008 13:25:55 -0700

Worsening unemployment. Millions of home foreclosures. Two-income households unable to support families. America's workers are facing economic disasters so severe, even the national media is paying attention.

But the current crisis has long roots. America's working families have been suffering through what is now a generation-long stagnation of wages and rising economic insecurity.

Steps must be taken immediately to shore up our flagging economy and provide much-needed assistance to working families. The AFL-CIO union movement supports an immediate moratorium on home foreclosures and the passage of a second fiscal stimulus package, including extension of unemployment insurance and federal aid to states and cities to prevent further cutbacks of vital public services.

Yet short-term measures will not be enough.

We must restore the balance between workers and their employers to ensure that workers can bargain fairly for an equitable share of our nation's prosperity. Working families have been left behind over the past three decades, as virtually all income gains have gone to the wealthiest Americans.

Between the mid-1940s and mid-1970s, inflation-adjusted wages doubled for most U.S. workers, but between 1979 and 2007, they grew only 7 percent. Since 1979, productivity, or output per hour, has grown 70 percent—10 times as fast as real wages.

As a result, income and wealth are more unequally distributed in the United States than in any other developed country and are more unequal today than at any time since the 1920s. Even more alarming, American intergenerational economic mobility is falling and is already lower than in many European countries.

In a House subcommittee hearing on the economy last week, Rep. Jim McDermott (D-Wash.) summed it up this way:

In short, many Americans are working harder for less. Less income, less job security, less health and pension coverage, less time at home, and less opportunity. Left unchecked, this trend will strike at the very core of the American dream.

Economic Policy Institute (EPI) economist Jared Bernstein describes it this way:

The difficulties facing American workers predated the recession. There may be no more telling statistic…than the fact that the real wage for the median male was lower in 2007 than in 1973.

For the last few decades, [workers] have been losing employer-provided health coverage, or paying more out-of-pocket for premiums, health services, or medications. Their pensions are less secure, and have flipped from majority guaranteed benefit to guaranteed contribution, shifting the risk of an adequate retirement benefit from their employer to themselves and their family.

Correcting this long-term imbalance will require multiple strategies. We need policies that ensure a just global economy. We need a government that provides quality services, adequate public investment and fair taxes. And we need to ensure that when workers seek to join together to improve their wages and access to health care and retirement security, they can do so without employer harassment and intimidation.

In 2007, full-time union workers were paid $863 in median weekly income, compared with $663 for their nonunion counterparts. In March 2007, 78 percent of union workers in the private sector had jobs with employer-provided health insurance, compared with only 49 percent of nonunion workers. Union workers also are more likely to have retirement and short-term disability benefits.

America's workers know union membership helped build the nation's middle class. Some 60 million workers say they would join a union if they could. But the nation's labor laws are broken, letting greedy employers harass and intimidate employees who seek to form a union. In the post-World War II years, our nation's middle class mushroomed because workers from the factory lines to the office steno pool could join together and form unions, enabling them to negotiate for better wages, affordable health care and retirement security. Their purchasing power helped strengthen communities, and their solidarity pushed through such vital policies as job safety standards and Medicare that benefited all working Americans.

But some 92 percent of private-sector employers, when faced with employees who want to join together in a union, force employees to attend closed-door meetings to hear anti-union propaganda, and 75 percent hire outside consultants to run anti-union campaigns. When America's workers are unable to win a voice at work, the American Dream becomes harder and harder to reach.

That's why passage of the Employee Free Choice Act is a top priority for the union movement. The Employee Free Choice Act is a crucial step in moving our nation toward a just economy. It would level the workplace playing field by enabling employees to sign up for a union through a majority verification (card-check) process or labor board election, whichever they choose. It also would provide for mediation and arbitration if management and the union can't work out a contract in 90 days. Because even after workers successfully form a union, in one-third of the instances, employers refuse to negotiate a contract.

Chris Williams, who teaches introductory physics at Pace University in the New York City area, has experienced this firsthand. As an "adjunct faculty" member, Williams couldn't survive on his wages from Pace, where the average pay for teaching a 15-week, three-credit course is just $2,500. So while a tenured professor might earn $100,000 annually, an adjunct in the next classroom with the same qualifications would earn only $15,000 for the equivalent of a full-time workload.

Williams and other adjuncts joined the New York State United Teachers/AFT (NYSUT/AFT) in December 2003. But, once at the bargaining table, Pace dragged its heels, and today, the adjuncts still have no contract. Williams, a strong supporter of the Employee Free Choice Act, puts it this way:

Anything that can speed that process has to be good for workers. It's clear that people need someone to represent them collectively. At the moment, the balance of power is almost completely with the employers. It's long overdue that workers shift the power a little bit in our favor.

The health of the U.S. economy will turn on whether we let corporations get away with paying poverty wages to those responsible for teaching those who, ultimately, will lead our country. And so will the future of our nation.

(Show your support for the Employee Free Choice Act by signing a petition for its passage here. We plan to present 1 million signatures supporting the Employee Free Choice Act to the next Congress and president.)

Workers with Employer-provided Pensions Fall

Armand Biroonak — Mon, 15 Sep 2008 21:00:00 -0700

The number of workers covered by employer-provided pensions fell from 2000 to 2006--despite rising during the 1990s--leaving fewer than half of all workers with pension coverage.

Retirement Pensions No Longer the Norm

Armand Biroonak — Thu, 28 Aug 2008 21:00:00 -0700

Twenty-five years ago, 88 percent of workers who participated in a workplace retirement plan were covered by a defined benefit pension; in 2004, only 37 percent were.

The 401(k) Myth

OurFuture.org Staff — Thu, 13 Dec 2007 08:29:26 -0800

FedEx Contractors Sue For Benefits, Pensions

Terrance Heath — Thu, 09 Aug 2007 07:06:00 -0700

Midsummer Market Meltdown

Alex Carter — Tue, 31 Jul 2007 08:00:00 -0700

Automakers Again Demanding Union Givebacks

Bill Scher — Thu, 14 Jun 2007 06:04:00 -0700

U.S. Automakers May Hand Pension Responsibility To Unions

Alexandra Walker — Tue, 29 May 2007 06:04:00 -0700